Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a transmissible brain disease commonly found in mule deer, white-tailed deer, elk (or "wapiti"), and moose ("elk" in Europe). The disease is quite progressive and is mostly always fatal. Behavior changes in deer cause the deer to experience a loss of weight over time, body tremors, anxiety, and a lack of interaction with other wildlife. As of 2016, CWD had only been found in members of the deer family in Wyoming and Colorado; but has rapidly spread throughout North America. Now, cases of CWD in deer have been reported in over 23 U.S. states and two Canadian provinces.

Risk of CWD in Pasture: Farmers are advised to take caution of sick deer that may wander their farms or property. Chronic Wasting Disease can be transmitted to grazing cows and can even contaminate grass (further passing the disease on to cows).

Risk of CWD in humans: Although the risk of human infection is low, hunters are advised not to consume elk or deer meat that was infected. If the deer is acting abnormally, or appears to be sick, it's best to keep a distance from the wild animal. The incubation period in humans sometimes is as long as 30-40 years!

Chronic Wasting Disease can affect other wildlife, including small rodents. DeerbustersCanada.ca recommends installing deer, elk and rodent fencing around properties to safeguard properies and protect families and domestic animals from the possible transmission of this wildlife disease.